Which of the following is a terrain-based fire control measure?

The Target Reference Point (TRP) is a terrain-based fire control measure because it serves as a specific reference point on the battlefield that can be used to coordinate and direct fire. TRPs are strategically selected landmarks that provide a visual reference for engaging targets, allowing units to effectively communicate and synchronize their fire support with the terrain features. This is crucial in ensuring that all units involved in the operation understand the locations of enemy forces and can accurately direct their fire without confusion.

Selecting a TRP is essential for enhancing situational awareness and supporting the overall mission objectives, as it helps to eliminate ambiguity regarding target locations among units operating in the same area. This contributes to improved accuracy and reduced risk of friendly fire.

In contrast, while Final Defensive Operations and Retreat Lines are important concepts related to maneuvering and operational strategy, they do not specifically serve as terrain-based fire control measures. Unit Logistical Coordination pertains to the logistics and support side of military operations rather than the direct control of fire.